Understanding and Troubleshooting Analog E&M Start Dial Supervision Signaling
Introduction This document discusses analog recEive and transMit (E&M) Start Dial Supervision signaling. Start Dial Supervision is the line protocol that defines how the equipment seizes the E&M trunk and passes the address signaling information (sends dual tone multifrequency (DTMF) digits). The three main start dial supervision protocols used on E&M circuits are Immediate Start, Wink Start, and Delay Dial. Wink Start Signaling Wink is the most commonly used protocol. This is the Wink Start operation process: 1. Originating side seizes the trunk by going off-hook. 2. Terminating side remains idle (on-hook) until the digit collection equipment is attached. 3. Once the terminating side is ready, it sends a wink. A wink is an on-hook to off-hook to on-hook transition. This transition period ranges from 100 to 350 ms. 4. Once the origination side receives the wink, (which is interpreted as an indication to proceed), it sends the address (digits) information. 5. The call is the...